Works › The Mariale: Questions on “Missus est”
Volume 37 · p. 136
Question 79. Whether the aureole of preachers was in her
QUAESTIO LXXIX.
Utrum aureola praedicatorum fuerit in ipsa?
Juxta praedicta quaeritur de aureola praedicatorum, utrum erat in beatissima Virgine?
Et videtur, quod non: cessante causa cessat et effectus: beatissima Virgo non habuit statum praedicatorum vel doctorum: ergo non habuit aureolam praedicatorum. Media patet per Apostolum, I ad Corinth. XIV, 34: Mulieres in ecclesiis taceant.
Sed contra:
1. Plus est praedicare facto quam verbo: alii autem sancti praedicaverunt verbo, beatissima autem Virgo principaliter praedicavit facto: improportionabiliter autem perfectius est factum quam verbum: ergo improportionabiliter perfectius praedicabat beata Virgo quam alii: ergo perfectiorem habuit aureolam. Et si dicatur, quod alii praedicaverunt facto, hoc per accidens fuit: accidit enim facto, quod sit signum vel exemplum: beata autem Virgo per se factis utebatur pro verbis in sua praedicatione, in desponsatione, in sacramentorum susceptione, et consimilium quibus utebatur non ad perfectionem sui, sed ad nostram instructionem et utilitatem.
2. Item, Et mater ejus, scilicet Maria, conservabat omnia verba haec in corde suo 1. Sancti dicunt, quod ideo haec conservabat quod opportunis temporibus ad scribendum Evangelistis revelaret: ergo beatissima Virgo nobis per Evangelistas praedicabat.
3. Item, Doctrina prudentium facilis est 2: sed beatissima Virgo brevissime et lucidissime omnia praedicabilia uno verbo praedicavit, quando dixit in nuptiis ad ministros, per quos figurantur praedicatores: Quodcumque vobis dixerit, facite 3: qui enim fecerit quaecumque Filius Dei dixerit, omnia praedicabilia implevit. Et ita beatissima Virgo uno verbo praedicavit omnia praedicabilia in tali dicto.
4. Item, Quaecumque dicuntur de sapientia, intelliguntur specialiter de beatissima Virgine: de illa enim dicitur, quod est doctrix disciplinae Dei 4: ergo beatissima Virgo est doctrix: ergo ei debetur aureola praedicatorum.
5. Item, Prophetae sunt doctores: ergo prophetissae doctrices: sed beatissima Virgo fuit prophetissa: ergo et doctrix. Minor patet in Isaia, VIII, 3: Accessi ad prophetissam. Glossa: Virginem Mariam. Quod autem mulieres possunt esse prophetissae, patet, Actuum, XXI, 9: Huic autem erant quatuor filiae virgines prophetantes.
6. Item, Omnes alii praedicatores praedicabant per verbum creatum: beatissima autem Virgo per increatum: ergo praedicavit excellentius omni viatore: ergo habuit aureolam praedicatorum 5.
QUESTION 79.
Whether the aureole of preachers was in her.
Next to the preceding things, inquiry is made concerning the aureole of preachers, whether it was in the most blessed Virgin.
And it seems that it was not: when the cause ceases, the effect also ceases. The most blessed Virgin did not have the state of preachers or teachers; therefore she did not have the aureole of preachers. The middle is clear through the Apostle, 1 Corinthians 14:34: Let women be silent in the churches.
But on the contrary:
1. It is more to preach by deed than by word. But other saints preached by word, while the most blessed Virgin principally preached by deed; but a deed is disproportionately more perfect than a word. Therefore the blessed Virgin preached disproportionately more perfectly than others; therefore she had a more perfect aureole. And if it is said that others preached by deed, this was accidental; for it is accidental to a deed that it be a sign or example. But the blessed Virgin used deeds in themselves as words in her preaching, in betrothal, in the reception of sacraments, and in similar things that she used not for her own perfection but for our instruction and usefulness.
2. Likewise, And his mother, namely Mary, kept all these words in her heart 1. The saints say that she kept these things so that at opportune times she might reveal them to the Evangelists for writing; therefore the most blessed Virgin preached to us through the Evangelists.
3. Likewise, The doctrine of the prudent is easy 2. But the most blessed Virgin preached all preachable things most briefly and most clearly in one word, when at the wedding she said to the ministers, through whom preachers are figured: Whatever he shall say to you, do 3. For whoever shall do whatever the Son of God has said has fulfilled all preachable things. And thus the most blessed Virgin in one word preached all preachable things in such a saying.
4. Likewise, whatever things are said of wisdom are understood specially of the most blessed Virgin; for of her it is said that she is the teacher of the discipline of God 4. Therefore the most blessed Virgin is a teacher; therefore the aureole of preachers is owed to her.
5. Likewise, prophets are teachers; therefore prophetesses are female teachers. But the most blessed Virgin was a prophetess; therefore also a teacher. The minor premise is clear in Isaiah 8:3: I went to the prophetess. The Gloss says: the Virgin Mary. That women can be prophetesses is clear, Acts 21:9: But this man had four virgin daughters prophesying.
6. Likewise, all other preachers preached through a created word; but the most blessed Virgin through the uncreated Word. Therefore she preached more excellently than every wayfarer; therefore she had the aureole of preachers 5.
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