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The Three Jewish Sects: Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes

The Author's Index of Things and Words

(printed p. 338)

Index of Things and Words

Abtalio, 127; two academies of the Jews, 126; Agapae, 305; Agatho, 326, 367; Akiba, 129; Alexander son of Hyrcanus, king and priest, held the scepter for twenty-six years, 170; he crucified eight hundred Pharisees, 131; Alexander the Great granted the Garizim temple to the Samaritans, 144, 154; the region Aliman, 263; Anan renewed the heresy of the Sadducees, 161; Ananus the younger, pontiff and Sadducee, 170; Angelics, 323; Antignus or Antigonus, disciple of Laddi, 127; Arabs, 264.

Aristobulus son of Hyrcanus, king and priest, a Sadducee, 169; he reigned one year, ibid.; Asima, idol of the Cutheans, 147; Aschider, 240, 145; Assidaeans, 9; Astarita, 8; Astarothite, ibid.; Audi, 11, 153.

Baalita, 8; Baanas, 126; Bagoas, 126; Bahalita or Baalamita, 8; Baietos, disciple of Antigonus, 127, 141; Balsan, 126; Barbaria, 32; Batracholatra, 8; Belita, 8; Beza is reproved, 247; he praises Calvinists and attacks others, 334.

[margin: Index entries A-B begin.]

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Coelicolae, 9, 319, 320, 321; Caiani, 7, 11; Carcasnaeus the Sadducee, 161; Caraim, Jews of Scripture, 9, 13, 148, 158; Carthage, 32; the chair of Moses in Matthew 23, what it means, 72, 76; the Pharisees were heard while sitting on it, 96 and following; Chalcophita, 8; Chammath, 249; the authority of Christ the Lord in teaching, Matthew 7, what it means, 78; Philo is silent about him, 307; Christians were freed from the destruction of Jerusalem, 295; they at first observed certain Jewish rites, 309; Ciconia, 236; Cinai, 15, 246; two kinds of Cincor, 246; straining wine, 83; fellowship with wicked men is harmful, 275, 282; Cornarius’s error, 105; the Ctistae among the Dacians, celibate and sacred men, 201; Cuthaeans, 11, 153.

Delphen, 129; the pontiff gave the Jews public power of teaching, 77; whether Jewish teachers stood or sat while teaching, 72; Dositheus the Samaritan, 6, 16, 141, 142; Dositheans, 7, 8, 12, 228; they confessed the resurrection of bodies, 156; Drusius, see Johannes Drusius.

As the Church of Christ gradually rose, the chair of Moses gradually fell, 103; Esnaei or Esneista, 7, 15; Essenes, 7, 8, 12, 15, 20; whence they are named, 173 and following, 191, 271, 275; Essenes were Jews by race, 203; most of them celibate, 205, 269.

[margin: Index entries C-D and beginning of E.]

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Essenes: contemners of wealth, 207; without trade, 211, 276; long-lived, 222; strong in adversities, ibid.; foreknowers, 224; different from the Pharisees, 230; opposed Christ the Lord in nothing, 258; initiators of Christian religious life, 261; they grant free will, 202; they love one another intensely, 204; they abhor pleasure, 204; continent, 205; they strive to conquer the passions, ibid.; they especially care for the sick, 273, and for the aged, 274, 279; they train boys in virtue, 207; they receive adults to better fruit, 207.

Essenes travel without provision, 211; they do not swear, 216; they test novices for four years, 217; they serve bodily need with great modesty, 220; they meet death magnanimously, 222; they believe souls immortal, 223; they neglect logic, 277, and physics, ibid.; they learn ethics and theology, 277; they do not sacrifice in the temple at Jerusalem, 229, nor in the Garizim temple, 228; some did not receive Christ the Lord, 225; they are the same as the Assidaeans, 241 and following; they are not properly Nazaraeans, 244; they were Rechabites, 245 and following; they were not heretics, 226; the Essenes were not from the Pharisees, 231, but on the contrary,

[margin: Index entries on the Essenes continue.]

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232; the Essenes existed before Pythagoras, 253; some Essenes were such only by sect, 261, 271, and others also by race, 261; some had wives, 224, 269; they test brides for three years, 225; cenobitic Essenes, 269, 272; they inhabit many cities of Judea, 271; they prefer to dwell outside cities, 275; what they do on the Sabbath, 277; among the Essenes there was common ownership of all goods, 208, 272, 279; there was no slave among them, 276, 288; no weapons, 276.

Praise of the Essenes, 2, 75, 279; some Essenes practical, others theoretic, 269; how the name of the Essenes should be written, 191 and following; the sect of the Essenes, 4; their age, 271; austerity of life, 209; clothing, 209, 273, 286; dwelling, 210, 278; hospitality, ibid.; religion, 211; prayers, 212, 293; three rules for the way life should be lived, 278; manual labor, 214, 272, 275; washings, ibid.; lunch, ibid.; supper, 215; frugality, 273, 286; obedience, 216; poverty, ibid., 272; gentleness, ibid.; books, 312; reading, 272; oaths proper to the sect, twelve, 218; punishment of offenders, 219; judges, ibid.; reverence toward the lawgiver, 220; observance toward elders, ibid., 279; care for decency, ibid.; observance of the Sabbath, ibid., 284, 286; order among themselves, 222; silence, 215; conjugal continence, 225; modesty of Essene women, 225; Essene virgins, 285, 288, 292, 313; theoretic Essenes dwell in many regions of the world,

[margin: Index entries on Essene customs and institutions.]

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282, 301; the admirable manner of life of the theoretic Essenes, 281 and following; exercises, 283; temperance, 285; vigil, ibid.; fasts, ibid.; sacred banquets, 287; clothing of those who minister, 289; drinking water, ibid.; a table clean from bloody foods, ibid.; spiritual feasts at table, 290; various kinds of songs, 291; sacred vigil after the meal, 292; the theoretic Essenes were Christians, 297; some practical Essenes were Christians, 295; Emathai, 11, 153; “to strain out a gnat,” whence the proverb came, 83.

The leaven of the Pharisees in Matthew 16, what it means, 86, 94, 97; leaven in a good sense, 121; the fringe of the Jews, 66, and why it was worn, ibid.; two Hebrew names for fringe, 66; to magnify fringes, what it means, 67; a woman in love with herself, 274; a certain woman in the Essene institution, 206, 225; Fortunicola, 8; Franciscus Junius is reproved, 233, 298, 303, 310, 311; he contemns the ancients, 324, 325; Franks, 31.

Gamaliel the Pharisee, 91; Gamaliel the elder, 128; Gamaliel the second, ibid.; Gaon, a title of dignity, 16, 184; the Garizim temple, 11, 12, 76, 144, 154; Gaulanites, 11; Genista, 7; many maxims of the old Pharisees, 136 and following; Gortheni, 7, 12, 228; Grammateis, or scribes, 7; a grammarian can be a heretic, 331, 332.

[margin: Index entries E-G.]

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Heresy, whence named, 2; used in a good and a bad sense, ibid.; among Christians almost always used in a bad sense, 3; a grave charge, 326; Meristae were heretics, 16; a heretic differs from one who follows heresy, 327.

Hanan Hannasi, 264; Hasidaeans, 14; whence they are named, 232; they are not Pharisees, 24; the Hasidaeans existed in the times of the Maccabees, 238; how the name of the Hasidaeans should be written, 191 and following; Heliognosti, 8; Hemerobaptists, 7, 310; many Hebrew words are ambiguous and middle terms, 184; Herod killed many Pharisees, 133, and burned some alive, ibid.; he was a Machiavellian, 159; he built a temple to Caesar, 186; Herodians, 6, 7, 8, 11, 20.

Hessaei and Hesseni, see Essenes; the Jerusalem academy of the Jews, 126; Hillel, 127, 128; the house of Hillel among the Jews was famous, 127; Spain, 32; Hosians, 141.

Jabes, 247; Saint James the Apostle, the Just, an Essene, 252, 319; Jaddus son of Joshua, son of Josedech, grandson of the pontiff, 127, 161; Jesus, one of the rulers of the great synagogue, 126; the descendants of Jethro were Rechabites, Hesseans, Hasidaeans, 250; Jesseans, 174, 176, 319; Illyricus depicted by Beza, 334; Iochan, or John son of Zaccai, 128; Johannes Drusius, 17, 19; he is reproved, 235, 242, 303; he unjustly reproves Serarius, 21; praised by Beza, ibid.; a Calvinian,

[margin: Index entries H-I begin.]

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and a heretic, 326 and following; many errors of Johannes Drusius in translating Gorionides, 35; his threefold deception, 190; John Hyrcanus, from Pharisee to Sadducee, 131; he overturned the city Samaria, 162, 164, 165; he governed for thirty-one years, 168; Jonadab the Rechabite, 246; Jonathan son of Uzziel, 128; two Joses, disciples of Antigonus, 127; the two Josephs, Flavius and Gorionides, 25; their comparison, 26 and following; Flavius is preferred to Gorionides, 33; in Flavius there are some gaps, 33; he is compared with Philo, 268; the errors of Joseph Scaliger, 177, 310, 311, 322, 324; Beza’s praise of him, 334; Joshua, disciple of Jose, 127; Jews are almost all Pharisees, 135; Judah Nagid, or Judah Hannasi, 128; Judas the Galilean, 6; Judas son of Tabbai, 127; Junius, see Franciscus.

Lebaddam, a Hebrew word, what it means, 22; the law of the Jews, one written and another unwritten, 51; Christ corrected the old law, 110; experts in the law and doctors of the law are not distinguished from scribes, 105, but are distinguished from Pharisees, ibid., 106; Luther twice added the particle “only” to Saint Paul, 20; he calls the Hasidaeans “the pious,” 241.

[margin: Index entries I-L.]

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Marbonenses or Marbonians, 7, 16; Mordecai, 126; Marielacus, 310; Maspar, 126; Meir, 129, 142; Meristae, 7, 16; Molochites, 8; monasteries of the Essenes, 269, 283, 304; Munster’s error, 31; Myolatra or Musorita, 8; Myiolatra or worshiper of mice, 8.

Nazaraeans, 7, 13; Nathinaeans, 12; Nazaraeans, 8, 9, 12; the Jewish academy of Nehardea, 126; Nehemiah, 126; Nergel, idol of the Cuthaeans, 147; Nicodemus the Pharisee, 92; Nithai, disciple of Jose, 127; Nomi, prefecture, 301.

Ophites, 7, 11; Osseni, 228.

Panias Caesarea, 186; Saint Paul, a Pharisee, 91; he observed certain Jewish rites, 309; Pharisees, 6, 7, 8; whence named, 39 and following; from every tribe and family, 43; from the noble and common orders, 44; not all Pharisees bad, 91, 117; who foolish Pharisees are, 118; cloak-wearing, pretentious, and sandal-wearing Pharisees, 134; Pharisaic astronomers, 48; they taught the transmigration of good souls, 50; they greatly urged the traditions of the elders, 51; they often washed their hands, 53; how, 54; they did not take food with sinners, 56; they did not even wish to be touched by them, ibid.; they fasted often, 58; they prayed often, 59; what mind they had toward the prophets and Saint John the Baptist, 70; why and how they were adversaries of Christ the Lord, 70; they are greatly blamed by Christ the Lord, 79; how they badly built the tombs of the prophets,

[margin: Index entries M-P begin.]

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86; some Pharisees were by sect and by office doctors of the law, 105; seven orders of the Pharisees, 13; sect of the Pharisees, 4; baptisms, 55 and following; austerity of life, 59; zeal for converting Gentiles, 60; bad institutions of the Pharisees, 81; good ones, ibid.; both good and bad things were done badly by them, 82; what the Pharisees taught about the piety of children toward parents, 68; what they taught about the religion of oaths, 69; the sect of the Pharisees is not bad in itself, 89.

Some dogmas of the Pharisees are materially heretical, 118; the origin of the Pharisees and their double founder, 126; the very great authority of the Pharisees among the people, 129; especially of those who lived at Jerusalem, 130; place of the Pharisees in the whole dominion of the Israelites, 45; all who give themselves to Pharisaic vices are like Pharisees, 122; Pharisaic heresy is close to Stoic teaching, 47; Philo similar to Plato, 265; older than Josephus, 268; he conversed with Saint Peter, 306; he remained obstinate in Judaism, 306, 307, 308; why he was silent about the name of Christ and Christians, 306; what phylacteries are, 61; whence named, 63; there is no commandment that the Jews wear phylacteries, 65; the pythoness, 8; the Hebrew names of the planets and the twelve signs of the Zodiac, 48 and following; Puteorita, 8; some pontiffs of the Jews were Sadducees, 165; practical Essenes existed before Christ, 294.

[margin: Index entries on Pharisees, Philo, and related terms.]

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Prophets are sometimes called scribes, 107; Egyptian proselytes were authors to the Israelites of adoring the calf, 86; how proselytes were made by the Pharisees twice as much liable to Gehenna as they were, 85; Pythagoras learned not a little from the Jews, 200; when Pythagoras lived, 253; Pythagoreans similar to Essenes, 200 and following.

Rabias, 126; Rabbaniym, 148; Rabbenu Hakkados, 128; Rahum, 126; Rechab, 246; Rechabites, 9, 15, 246; religious among Christians are true Rechabites and Essenes, 265; Remphanita, 8.

Immoderate observance of the Sabbath among the Jews, 17; the Sabbatic river, 264; priestly nobility was especially among the Jews, 44; Sadducees, 6, 7, 8; whence named, 139; why they should be written “Sadducaei” and not otherwise, 140; the Sadducees admit only the books of Moses, 145; they mutilate even those with three letters, 146; they pervert some words of those books, 147; they reject the tradition of the elders and the written interpretation of the law, 147; they deny reward and punishment after this life, the resurrection of bodies, the immortality of souls, angels, and spirit, 149, 150; they say that God neither makes nor foresees evil, 151; they were troublesome to Christ the Lord, 151; they were Epicureans, 152; they were few, without honor in themselves, intolerable to the people, harsh and rustic, cruel,

[margin: Index entries P-S begin.]

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153; the Sadducees remove fate, 152; they were truly heretics, 156; they were between Samaritans and Pharisees, 155; why the Sadducees were tolerated at Jerusalem, 158; sect of the Sadducees, 4; how it arose, 144, 160; some Sadducees still exist today, 161; Sadoc, disciple of Antigonus, 127, 141, 144, 145, and afterward of Dositheus, 143; yet he dissented from Dositheus, 156; another Sadoc, a Pharisee, 171; Samaritans, 6, 7, 8, 11; heretics, 153; they erected a temple in the time of Alexander the Great, 144, 160; two kinds of Samaritans, 153.

“Wise man” has wider meaning than either scribe or Pharisee, 104; who the wise men of the Jews were, 104; Scaliger, see Joseph; Schammai, 127; the house of Schammai among the Jews was famous, 127; Schemmaias, 127; Schimhathai, 248; scribes and experts in the law, 12; scribes set down in Scripture in two ways, 106; scribes of the people, 107; scribes of the kings, ibid.; scribes were either Levites or certainly from any tribe whatever, 108; Sebuaei or Sebueni, 7, 12, 143, 227; a sect may be good or bad, 3; the general and principal sects of the Jews were three, 4, 13, 16; and indeed in the times of the Maccabees, 18, 20, and in Josephus Gorionides, 26; gatherings of the Essenes, 269, 283, 285, 304; Sepharvaimites, 11, 153.

[margin: Index entries S continue.]

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Seraiah, 126; Sethiani, 7, 11; Sicarii, 11; Simeon, of whom Luke 2 speaks, seems to have been a Pharisee, 92; Simeon Justus, otherwise Jaddus, 127, 161; Simeon son of Gamaliel the elder, 128; Simon son of Satach, 127; Saint Sola, disciple of Saint Boniface, 319; Solicola, 8; Subterraneans, 8; Suchathai, 248; rulers of the great synagogue, 126; synagogue properly of the Jews, 304.

Tarphon, 129; Therapeutae, 293; Talmidim, 105; the impious lie of the Talmudists about Jesus Christ, 133; Thamuzita, 8; Theodosius the Samaritan, 143; Theima, a city, 264; theoretic Essenes were Christians, 297; Thirhathai, 248; Tophetita, 8; various traditions of the Pharisees, 53 and following; Troglodytes, 8; Tubieni, 9, 14.

Vigils, 305; Essene virgins, 285, 288, 292, 313; companions of the calf, those called Samaritans, and why, 154; Urim and Thummim, 166; Wolphius’s error, 245.

Zamolxis, god of the Getae, servant and disciple of Pythagoras, 200; Zealots, 11; Zerubbabel, son of Salathiel, 126.

End of the index.

[margin: Final index entries S-Z.]

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Nicolaus Serarius, S.J., “The Author's Index of Things and Words,” in The Three Jewish Sects: Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes, English translation, Mind of the Church, https://mindofthechurch.com/works/serarius-three-sects/62-the-author-s-index-of-things-and-words/.

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