Library / Commentary on Joshua, Volume II

Of the Wars: Caput XII — [The Kings Conquered on Both Sides of the Jordan]

Question I. How many, and which, Kings were subdued and destroyed by Joshua?

The Hebrew, the Chaldee, and our Latin enumerate thirty-one; but the Greek [enumerates] only 29. For by it [the 70], “King Bethel,” who is the 16th, and “King Semron-meron,” who is the 23rd, are omitted. Of which thing I discern no cause. But these Kings are numbered [with] the names not of themselves, but of the places over which they ruled being set down; in which, besides the already-indicated variety of number, there is another, very slight, in the order — since “King Cades” [comes, in the Greek,] after “Achsaph,” but in the Hebrew and Latin after “Mageddo”; and again another, also small, in “King Opher,” when τῆς ἀρώχ [tēs arōch] is added; finally another, great indeed, but from the diversity usual in the Scriptures. For thus, among the 70, is ὁ βασιλεύς [ho basileus, “the king (of…)”]

(col. 1083)

[the king] of such-and-such [place]. That the whole variety may be set before the eyes, [here are] the two lists side by side — as [they read] among the 70 (in Greek), and as [they read] in the Hebrew and Latin (a blank in the right-hand column means it agrees with the plain name; ✻ marks a king whom the 70 omit):

№ (70)Among the 70 (Greek)№ (Heb./Lat.)In the Hebrew & Latin
1τῆς Ιεριχώ1— [Jericho]
2γαί2Hai
3Ιερουσαλήμ3— [Jerusalem]
4χεβρών4— [Hebron]
5Ιεριμούθ5— [Jerimoth]
6λαχίς6— [Lachis]
7αιλάμ7Eglon
8γαζέρ8Gezer
9δαβίρ9— [Dabir]
10γαδέρ10Geder
11ερμάθ11Charmah, alias Horma
12αδέρ12Hedar
13λεβνά13— [Lebna]
14ὀδολλάμ (see 26)14Hedullam
15ηλάθ15Makedah
✻(omitted by the 70)16King of Bethel
16ταφού17Thaphuach
17ὀφέρ18Chepher
18ὀφὲκ τῆς ἀρώχ19Ephek [see note]
19ἀσώμ20Lasaron, or Saron
20συμόων21Madon
21μαμβρώθ22Chatsor
✻(omitted by the 70)23King of Semron Maron
22ἀζίφ24Acschaph
23κεδής25—
24ζαχάκ26Thahenach
25μαρεδώθ27Megeddo
26ἰεκόμ τοῦ χερμέλ28Iikniaham, toward Carmel
27ὀδολλάμ τοῦ φεννεαλδώρ29Dor, in the region or tract of Dor
28γεὶ τῆς Γαλιλαίας30King of the Nations of Galilee
29θερσά31King Thersa

[Note on no. 19 (Ephek): it seems Masius read in the Greek τῆς ἀλάκ [tēs alak], and derives [it] from the Hebrew “chelek.”]

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To cite this page

Nicolaus Serarius, S.J., “Question I. How many, and which, Kings were subdued and destroyed by Joshua?,” in Commentary on Joshua, Volume II, English translation, Mind of the Church, https://mindofthechurch.com/works/serarius-joshua-2/232-question-i-how-many-and-which-kings-were-subdued-and-des/.

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