Works › Commentary on the Apocalypse of Blessed John
Volume 38 · pp. 631–632
Chapter X: the Angel’s oath and beginning of receiving the book
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5. « Et Angelus quem vidi stantem super mare et super terram, levavit manum suam ad caelum.
6. Et juravit per viventem in saecula saeculorum, qui creavit caelum et ea quae in eo sunt, et terram et ea quae in ea sunt, et mare et ea quae in eo sunt: Quia tempus non erit amplius:
7. Sed in diebus vocis septimi Angeli, cum coeperit tuba canere, consummabitur mysterium Dei: sicut evangelizavit per servos suos Prophetas. »
Haec est tertia pars, in qua introducitur Angelus asserens et annuntians mundi finem.
Et dicunt hic duo. Primo, asserit mundo, quod cito erit. Secundo, quando erit, ibi, V. 7: « Sed in diebus vocis septimi Angeli. »
Dicit ergo: « Et Angelus quem vidi stantem super mare, » id est, Christus, qui est super gentilitatem, « et super terram, » id est, super Judaeos, « levavit manum suam in caelum. » Secundum Haymonem, id est, humanitatem assumptam ad dexteram Patris elevavit. Vel, « Levavit manum suam, » id est, habitum et gestum jurantis accepit.
« Et juravit per viventem in saecula saeculorum. »
Haymo, id est, per Deum Patrem, quando ad eum omnia opera sua retulit. Joan. XIV, 10: Pater autem in me manens, ipse facit opera. Vel, « Juravit, » id est, firmiter statuit, et veraciter affirmavit. Et est contra haereticos qui dicunt quod non licet jurare.
« Qui creavit, » id est, de nihilo ad esse produxit, « caelum, » scilicet, empyreum, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » id est, Angelos. Vel, « Caelum, » sidereum scilicet, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » scilicet, solem, et lunam, et sidera. Vel, « Caelum, » aereum, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » scilicet, aves. Vel, « Caelum, » id est, animam, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » id est, vires, virtutes, et hujusmodi.
« Et terram, » ad litteram, « et ea quae in ea sunt, » scilicet, homines, arbores, bestias, et aves, et caetera hujusmodi. Vel, « Terram, » id est, Ecclesiam, « et ea quae in ea sunt, » scilicet, distinctiones personarum, dona gratiarum, et distributiones officiorum.
5. “And the Angel whom I saw standing upon the sea and upon the earth lifted his hand to heaven.
6. And he swore by the one living unto ages of ages, who created heaven and the things that are in it, and the earth and the things that are in it, and the sea and the things that are in it: That time will be no longer:
7. But in the days of the voice of the seventh Angel, when he begins to sound the trumpet, the mystery of God will be consummated, as he evangelized through his servants the Prophets.”
This is the third part, in which the Angel is introduced asserting and announcing the end of the world.
And two things are said here. First, he asserts to the world that it will be soon. Second, when it will be, there, V. 7: “But in the days of the voice of the seventh Angel.”
Therefore he says: “And the Angel whom I saw standing upon the sea,” that is, Christ, who is above Gentility, “and upon the earth,” that is, above the Jews, “lifted his hand to heaven.” According to Haymo, that is, he lifted the assumed humanity to the right hand of the Father. Or, “He lifted his hand,” that is, he took up the posture and gesture of one swearing.
“And he swore by the one living unto ages of ages.”
Haymo says: that is, by God the Father, when he referred all his works to him. John XIV, 10: But the Father remaining in me, he does the works. Or, “He swore,” that is, he firmly established and truthfully affirmed. And this is against heretics who say that it is not lawful to swear.
“Who created,” that is, produced from nothing into being, “heaven,” namely the empyrean, “and the things that are in it,” that is, the Angels. Or, “heaven,” namely the sidereal heaven, “and the things that are in it,” namely the sun and the moon and the stars. Or, “heaven,” the aerial heaven, “and the things that are in it,” namely birds. Or, “heaven,” that is, the soul, “and the things that are in it,” that is, powers, virtues, and things of this kind.
“And the earth,” literally, “and the things that are in it,” namely human beings, trees, beasts, and birds, and other things of this kind. Or, “the earth,” that is, the Church, “and the things that are in it,” namely distinctions of persons, gifts of graces, and distributions of offices.
« Et mare, » id est, quamlibet congregationem aquarum, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » id est, pisces. Vel, « Mare, » id est, tribulationum amaritudinem, « et ea quae in eo sunt, » id est, earum utilitatem.
« Quia tempus non erit amplius. »
Contra: Psal. LXXX, 16: Et erit tempus eorum in saecula.
Responsio Haymonis: « Justis tempus non erit: quia nulla mutabilitas in eis erit. Tempus autem est vicissitudo diei ac noctis. Sed malis erit tempus: quia semper mutabuntur. Job XXIV, 19: Ad nimium calorem transeat ab aquis nivium. Quod ergo de justis Dominus negat, hoc de injustis Psalmista affirmat. »
Aliter: Tempus dupliciter accipitur: primo, pro mensura motus primi mobilis, et sic non erit tempus, quia tunc stabunt firmamentum, et planetae, et hujusmodi. Secundo, prout est mora motus rerum mutabilium, et sic erit tempus quoad malos in inferno, ut dictum est. Quod ergo dicitur in Psalmo, refertur ad malos: quod vero dicitur hic, refertur ad bonos qui erunt in statu et in omni quiete. Sensus ergo est: « Quia tempus non erit amplius, » id est, vanitas mutabilitatis non erit in beatis.
« Sed in diebus vocis septimi Angeli, »
Id est, in diebus ultimorum Praedicatorum prope tempus Antichristi, « et cum coeperit tuba canere. » Haymo, id est, cum coeperit sancta Ecclesia suam praedicationem diffundere.
« Consummabitur, » id est, perficietur, et implebitur, « mysterium Dei, » id est, quidquid modo latet, sive sint praemia bonorum, sive tormenta malorum, « sicut evangelizavit per servos suos Prophetas, » quorum, sicut ait Haymo, omnis intentio fuit de Domini adventu, et saeculi consummatione prophetare. Ideoque tunc perficietur quod ante praedictum est.
8. « Et audivi vocem de caelo iterum loquentem mecum, et dicentem: Vade, et accipe librum apertum de manu Angeli stantis super mare et super terram. »
Haec est quarta principalis hujus partis: in qua determinatur de tuba
“And the sea,” that is, any congregation of waters, “and the things that are in it,” that is, fish. Or, “the sea,” that is, the bitterness of tribulations, “and the things that are in it,” that is, their usefulness.
“That time will be no longer.”
On the contrary: Psalm LXXX, 16: And their time will be unto ages.
The response of Haymo: “For the just there will not be time, because there will be no mutability in them. But time is the alternation of day and night. But for the evil there will be time, because they will always be changed. Job XXIV, 19: Let him pass from the waters of snows to excessive heat. Therefore what the Lord denies concerning the just, the Psalmist affirms concerning the unjust.”
Otherwise: Time is taken in two ways: first, for the measure of the motion of the first movable body, and thus there will not be time, because then the firmament and the planets and things of this kind will stand still. Second, insofar as it is the delay of the motion of mutable things, and thus there will be time with respect to the evil in hell, as has been said. Therefore what is said in the Psalm is referred to the evil, but what is said here is referred to the good, who will be in stability and in all quiet. Therefore the sense is: “That time will be no longer,” that is, the vanity of mutability will not be in the blessed.
“But in the days of the voice of the seventh Angel,”
That is, in the days of the last Preachers near the time of Antichrist, “and when he begins to sound the trumpet.” Haymo says: that is, when holy Church begins to spread abroad its preaching.
“The mystery of God will be consummated,” that is, perfected and fulfilled, that is, whatever is now hidden, whether the rewards of the good or the torments of the evil, “as he evangelized through his servants the Prophets,” whose whole intention, as Haymo says, was to prophesy concerning the advent of the Lord and the consummation of the age. And therefore then what was foretold before will be perfected.
8. “And I heard a voice from heaven again speaking with me and saying: Go, and take the open book from the hand of the Angel standing upon the sea and upon the earth.”
This is the fourth principal part of this section, in which there is determination concerning the trumpet
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